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Muscogee Chief Blocks Tribal IDs for the Descendants of Freedman Amid a Review

September 4, 2025

The Muscogee Nation's chief, David Hill, has temporarily blocked the issuance of tribal IDs to Black Freedmen descendants despite a recent tribal supreme court ruling that granted them citizenship rights. Chief Hill argued that the court overstepped its authority by striking down the "by blood" constitutional requirement adopted in the 1970s that had excluded descendants of those once enslaved by the tribe. While applications from Freedmen descendants can still be accepted, they won't be processed until the tribal council reviews and establishes new citizenship requirements through a constitutional amendment process.

Who is affected

  • Black descendants of Freedmen seeking Muscogee Nation citizenship
  • Rhonda Grayson and Jeffrey Kennedy, specific Freedmen descendants denied tribal IDs
  • Muscogee Nation Citizenship Board, which cannot currently process Freedmen applications
  • Muscogee Nation tribal citizens, whose constitution and citizenship criteria are in flux

What action is being taken

  • Chief David Hill is blocking the tribe's citizenship board from issuing tribal IDs to Freedmen descendants
  • The Muscogee Nation's citizenship board continues accepting but not processing applications from Freedmen descendants
  • The tribal council is conducting a review to determine new requirements for Freedmen citizenship
  • Freedmen descendants are continuing to submit citizenship applications despite the delay

Why it matters

  • The issue concerns the restoration of citizenship rights to descendants of people once enslaved by the tribe
  • It represents a potential constitutional crisis within the Muscogee Nation regarding who has authority to determine citizenship criteria
  • The timing affects whether Freedmen descendants can vote in the September tribal elections
  • It raises questions about honoring the 1866 treaty between the Muscogee Nation and the U.S. government
  • For individuals like Grayson, citizenship represents reclaiming identity and lineage

What's next

  • No explicit next steps stated in the article beyond the ongoing tribal council review and constitutional amendment process that Chief Hill has ordered.

Read full article from source: The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

Muscogee Chief Blocks Tribal IDs for the Descendants of Freedman Amid a Review