International news

Togolese author and lawyer Hubert Kolani has published his debut French-language novel "Le Sang du Pouvoir" (The Blood of Power) as a means to explore African politics through fiction rather than risking the dangers journalists and essayists face when criticizing those in power. The book examines what Kolani calls "dark politics"—including power struggles, mysticism, and human sacrifices—while centering on a resilient female protagonist who defies typical misery narratives about Africa. Kolani argues that novels provide authors protection through fictional characters while still conveying lived realities that people experience but cannot openly discuss in societies where public discourse is monitored. His generation approaches politics differently than their parents, using internet access to question and compare rather than silently accepting the status quo, and he hopes his work will inspire readers to humanize African political landscapes. # Key Takeaways

The author, a feminist technology advocate, questions whether ethical and feminist AI is possible after years of observing how tech companies prioritize business models over people's rights. She argues that AI systems inherently encode and amplify existing inequalities because they are trained on biased data reflecting historical exclusion, racism, and sexism, while being developed by profit-driven corporations without meaningful accountability. The article emphasizes that AI cannot replicate genuine human connection, empathy, or care work, warning against narratives that position technology as capable of replacing human relationships and decision-making. She advocates for a human rights approach to AI that challenges existing power structures, demands accountability from those who control these technologies, and maintains skepticism from the outset rather than accepting AI systems as inevitable.

Thirty-two years after the 1994 Rwandan genocide, the international community observed a day of reflection to honor over one million victims killed during approximately 100 days of systematic violence targeting primarily Tutsi populations. The genocide, which began after President Habyarimana's assassination on April 7, 1994, resulted from years of planned incitement and left devastating long-term consequences including orphaned children, widespread sexual violence, and ongoing psychological trauma affecting survivors and subsequent generations. Rwanda has pursued justice through international tribunals and local Gacaca courts, processing nearly two million cases while attempting to rebuild a society where perpetrators and survivors now live side by side. United Nations officials emphasized that similar patterns of hate speech and incitement persist today through digital platforms, urging the international community to move beyond remembrance toward active prevention and protection of vulnerable populations.

Nepal's constitution guarantees social protection for vulnerable groups, with over 85 programs currently serving approximately 3.8 million people, including 10 endangered Indigenous communities receiving monthly allowances. While social security payments have enabled families to afford education, healthcare, and small business ventures, critics warn that cash transfers alone risk creating dependency and eroding traditional livelihoods without complementary development programs. Indigenous communities face significant barriers accessing benefits due to historical discrimination, geographic isolation, documentation gaps, and program designs that ignore their realities. Experts advocate for a balanced approach that links allowances with livelihood programs, traditional skill revitalization, and structural reforms including land access, housing security, and political representation to achieve sustainable empowerment rather than perpetual reliance on government assistance.

Student activists from across the University System of Maryland organized a "People's Tribunal" protest attended by roughly 100 people to challenge the Board of Regents over investment ties to weapons manufacturers. The coalition accused the 21-member governing board, appointed by Maryland's governor, of financial complicity in violence in Gaza through these investments and of suppressing campus activism on the issue. Before the tribunal event, protesters attended the Board's official meeting where they displayed symbolic red handprints and disrupted proceedings with chants demanding divestment. The demonstration highlighted student concerns about institutional policies they view as restricting free speech, including amplified sound bans and previous attempts to block student group activities that resulted in a lawsuit settlement. # Key Takeaways

African content moderators and social media users face severe challenges as AI moderation systems fail to understand the continent's 2,000+ languages, with only 42 African languages meaningfully represented in major language models. Content moderators like Bereket Tsegay review videos in languages they don't understand, relying on indirect signals rather than actual content comprehension, while creators posting in languages like Luo or Swahili see their accounts arbitrarily suspended or their content ignored by recommendation algorithms. This linguistic gap allows harmful content in African languages to spread unchecked while legitimate posts get wrongly removed, disproportionately affecting journalists, creators, and ordinary users who communicate in their native languages. Though some research initiatives and the African Union's AI strategy acknowledge the problem, and new EU regulations may create financial pressure for change, the solutions remain underfunded and scattered across academic institutions and small-scale projects.

The OpenSpeaks Archives, launched in 2024, is a digital platform helping Indigenous language speakers cite oral knowledge on Wikipedia by documenting, transcribing, and archiving nearly 20 languages from India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Taukeer Alam, a conservationist and Van Gujjari speaker from India's nomadic Van Gujjar community, explains that audio and video formats better capture Indigenous languages than written text because they preserve tone, emotion, and pronunciation that books cannot convey. He emphasizes that documentation must be participatory, involving youth who can continue the work, and materials should be quickly shared back to communities in accessible formats before knowledge holders pass away. While supporting documentation efforts, Alam expresses concerns about potential exploitation of sensitive community knowledge through AI and other technologies, stressing the need for protections that recognize collective community rights and require proper consent and attribution. # Key Takeaways

The European Union has established comprehensive AI regulations for use within its borders, but European funding and technology continue to flow to high-risk surveillance and AI systems used in West Asia and North Africa without adequate human rights oversight. Research by 7amleh reveals three main channels for this transfer: migration control agreements that provide biometric and surveillance infrastructure to countries like Egypt and Tunisia, research funding through programs like Horizon Europe that support Israeli companies with military applications, and direct commercial exports of surveillance technologies. Despite the EU's own acknowledgment in 2025 that Israel violates human rights and humanitarian law, and evidence linking European-funded AI targeting systems to civilian casualties in Gaza, political and economic interests have blocked meaningful reform. The author argues that closing regulatory gaps—such as extending the AI Act to cover exports and requiring binding human rights assessments—is essential for accountability and the survival of affected communities. # Key Takeaways

A Czech LGBTQ+ activist organization called the Society for Queer Memory has created an interactive online map documenting Prague's historical LGBTQ+ heritage, featuring 160 locations dating back to 1376 where queer individuals lived, worked, and gathered. The initiative emerged as a response to persistent discrimination in Czech politics, where politicians routinely make homophobic statements without consequences and dismiss gender diversity as foreign influence, despite the Czech Republic being relatively tolerant compared to other Central European nations. While the country decriminalized homosexuality in 1961 and legalized civil partnerships in 2006, same-sex marriage remains unratified despite public support, and over 40 percent of LGBTQ+ Czechs report experiencing abuse. The mapping project aims to counter narratives that portray LGBTQ+ identity as a recent cultural import by documenting centuries of queer presence in Czech culture and history.

Bangladesh has plunged into a severe energy crisis stemming from military conflict in the Persian Gulf region involving Iran, Israel, and the United States. Since the country imports approximately 95 percent of its energy needs, disruptions to shipping through the Strait of Hormuz and force majeure declarations by liquified natural gas suppliers have left Bangladesh scrambling for emergency fuel at prices nearly 2.5 times higher than normal. The government implemented fuel rationing, closed universities early, and allocated billions in subsidies to prevent domestic price increases, while citizens face hours-long queues at gas stations and skyrocketing cooking fuel costs. The crisis threatens the crucial ready-made garment industry, which accounts for 84 percent of exports, as factories struggle with extended power cuts and reduced capacity. # Key Takeaways

A Nigerian UX designer working on online gender-based violence issues describes how the AI chatbot Grok, embedded in X (formerly Twitter), has systematically amplified harassment against women by enabling users to create non-consensual sexualized images from photos. While online abuse against women was already pervasive in Nigeria, where 45 percent of women experience cyberstalking and women are targets in 58 percent of online abuse cases, Grok has industrialized this harm by making it faster and easier to produce exploitative content. Nigeria's fragmented AI regulatory environment and weak platform accountability mechanisms have created conditions where these harms flourish unchecked. To address this crisis, the author's organization Superbloom developed a Gendered Privacy Evaluation Framework that offers tech companies practical tools to assess whether their AI systems reduce or reinforce gendered harm through better governance, consent mechanisms, and engagement with women's rights groups.

George Washington University is hosting its third annual Future of Finance and Trade in Africa conference on April 14, bringing together international leaders, World Bank officials, business executives, and academics to discuss economic development opportunities across the African continent. The event will focus on key topics including financial innovation, artificial intelligence applications, sustainable agriculture for addressing food insecurity, and renewable energy solutions. Organizers emphasize the importance of connecting African delegates with Washington-based policymakers and thought leaders to facilitate meaningful dialogue about Africa's economic transformation. The conference, launched in 2024 through a partnership between the university's business school and Elliott School of International Affairs, aims to highlight Africa's abundant natural resources, hydropower potential, and rapidly growing population as significant opportunities for future economic growth. # Key Takeaways

Bangladesh's former Home Minister Asaduzzaman Khan Kamal, who fled to India alongside Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina during the August 2024 student-led uprising, has broken his nineteen-month silence in a rare interview from his undisclosed Kolkata location. Despite being sentenced to death by Bangladesh's International Crimes Tribunal for crimes against humanity during the July 2024 protests, Kamal claims his ousted Awami League party would have won recent elections and dismisses allegations of genocide during the uprising that killed approximately 1,400 people according to UN reports. He contests the legitimacy of the new BNP-led government, the tribunal prosecuting him, and suggests armed militants infiltrated peaceful student protests, while simultaneously expressing willingness for political dialogue and legal accountability under reformed judicial conditions. Currently sheltering in India with approximately 120 Awami League MPs imprisoned in Bangladesh, Kamal maintains the party remains Bangladesh's most popular political force and will eventually return to power through grassroots support. # Key Takeaways

This article examines the devastating psychological and physical toll that armed conflicts take on children worldwide, arguing that war trauma should be recognized as a global public health crisis. The author explains how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) affect children in conflict zones at far higher rates than in stable countries, with one in six children globally living in active war zones compared to one in ten Americans experiencing three or more ACEs. Children in Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan, and West Asia face displacement, injury, death, and severe trauma that can lead to lifelong mental health issues including PTSD, depression, and anxiety. While children show remarkable resilience, especially with supportive caregivers, the article emphasizes that the international community must provide psychological care, stable environments, and educational opportunities to help war-affected children rebuild their lives and become future leaders rather than a "lost generation."

Bangladesh's February 2026 general election, the first since the July 2024 uprising that ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, became saturated with AI-generated misinformation that fundamentally altered the electoral landscape. A comprehensive study identified 72 cases of AI-manipulated content designed to shape voting outcomes, including deepfake videos of political leaders making false statements, synthetic images showing fabricated campaign events, and edited news graphics falsely attributed to trusted media outlets. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party, which ultimately won by a landslide, faced the most attacks with 47 documented cases, while other parties including Jamaat-e-Islami and the National Citizen Party also suffered targeted disinformation campaigns. This widespread deployment of AI manipulation—ranging from false attributions of inflammatory quotes to fabricated images of political meetings and events—represents the first comprehensively documented case of AI weaponization in South Asian electoral democracy, setting a concerning precedent for neighboring countries.

Local elections held on March 29, 2026 in ten Serbian municipalities were severely compromised by widespread violence and intimidation, according to independent observers, despite President Aleksandar Vučić claiming victory for his ruling coalition across all locations. Masked attackers, allegedly including ruling party officials and members of the Russian biker group "Night Wolves," assaulted journalists, election observers, students, and ordinary citizens using weapons including axes, metal bars, and firearms. The Center for Research, Transparency and Accountability (CRTA) documented that police largely failed to intervene against perpetrators, undermining basic security and democratic principles during the voting process. Student-led opposition movements competed against the Serbian Progressive Party in several municipalities, with violence particularly concentrated in Bor, Kula, and Bajina Bašta overshadowing other electoral irregularities like parallel record-keeping and organized voter transportation.

Over one million Rohingya refugees have settled in Bangladesh's Cox's Bazar district since 2017, creating significant tensions with host communities over rising costs, diminishing employment opportunities, and perceived unequal aid distribution. Local volunteers like Abdur Rahim have initiated community dialogue sessions that gradually build understanding and practical compromises between refugee and host populations, though these grassroots peacebuilding efforts face substantial challenges. While international organizations provide crucial funding and technical support for youth programs and mediation training, their rigid planning structures, short funding cycles, and distant decision-making processes often fail to align with local realities and the slow pace of trust-building. The tensions in Cox's Bazar stem from complex economic competition and unemployment rather than simply religious or cultural differences, requiring nuanced, locally-informed approaches. Local peacebuilders are advocating for deeper collaboration with international partners through co-designed processes, longer funding commitments, and reduced administrative burdens that would allow community-led solutions to flourish. # Key Takeaways

Fareshtah, born in the final year of the first Taliban regime in Afghanistan's Ghor Province, was pursuing her dream of becoming an attorney through university studies in Sharia and Islamic Sciences along with a legal skills program when the Taliban reclaimed power in August 2021. After public universities eventually reopened, she completed her coursework and was scheduled to defend her thesis in December 2022, but a sudden decree banned women from universities just days before her defense. When she attempted to enter the university anyway, a Taliban guard threatened her with a weapon and fired a shot in the air, forcing her to leave. Despite this devastating setback and subsequent cancellations of various educational opportunities, she has spent the past three years teaching online classes to other deprived girls, participating in virtual programs, and fighting what she identifies as the root problem: ignorance and injustice.

Ekachai Hongkangwan, a Thai activist who became politically engaged after the 2006 coup destroyed his online lottery business, has repeatedly faced imprisonment and violence for his symbolic protests against government figures and the monarchy. His activism style evolved from mass demonstrations to individual acts that generate media attention, leading to over 30 legal cases and seven imprisonments under Thailand's strict royal defamation laws. Most recently, he received a 21-year sentence for allegedly obstructing the Queen's motorcade during a 2020 protest, despite an initial acquittal that determined the incident resulted from police miscommunication. His deteriorating health in custody, including an enlarged prostate and complications from previous liver surgery, has brought attention to inadequate medical care for ordinary prisoners in Thailand, particularly compared to the preferential treatment afforded to politically powerful inmates like former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra.

Benue state in Nigeria's middle belt region has become the center of escalating violence, with over 7,000 people killed since 2023, primarily by armed Fulani herdsmen migrating southward due to climate-driven land degradation. The June 2025 Yelwata Massacre, which killed over 200 people, drew international attention including condemnation from Pope Leo VI and prompted belated government response. While some characterize the conflict as religious persecution against the predominantly Christian population, local leaders and observers describe it as a calculated land-grabbing campaign enabled by government inaction and ethnic bias favoring the politically powerful Fulani groups. The Nigerian government's inadequate security response and controversial statements appearing to sympathize with attackers have eroded public trust and left communities relying on poorly equipped vigilante groups for protection. This crisis threatens both the indigenous population's existence and Benue's critical role as Nigeria's agricultural heartland.

Hundreds of protesters gathered in Skopje, North Macedonia on March 8, 2026, for what organizers described as the largest International Women's Day demonstration yet, demanding government accountability for widespread femicide and domestic violence. The march, held under the slogan "We Will Not Disappear," began with remembrance for recent femicide victims, including a mother and daughter who died despite repeatedly reporting abuse to authorities. Protesters criticized government officials for inadequate responses to violence against women, while statistics revealed nearly 5,000 domestic violence reports in 2025 and 26 femicides over five years, with most victims being women and girls. The demonstration concluded at the pedestal where anti-fascist fighter Vera Jocić's statue once stood before being stolen, symbolizing what participants viewed as institutional neglect of women's issues. Activists emphasized that systemic failures, economic dependence, patriarchal norms, and insufficient institutional support create conditions where violence escalates to deadly outcomes.

After Myanmar's 2021 military coup, Thapyay, a university professor with over 20 years of teaching experience, joined the Civil Disobedience Movement and was forced to flee to Mae Sot, Thailand by late 2022 for her safety. She enrolled in the Zin Yaw Women Rising Program, which provided career coaching, digital skills training, and peer support to help displaced women rebuild their professional lives. Through this program, Thapyay successfully transitioned from academia to working as a content writer from home, finding new purpose despite the painful loss of her former career. Her story exemplifies the experiences of countless Myanmar women in exile who are courageously reconstructing their lives amid uncertainty while maintaining hope that small, consistent steps forward will eventually lead to opportunities. # Key Takeaways

India's Parliament is considering the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill 2026, which would fundamentally alter how transgender individuals obtain legal recognition of their gender identity. The proposed legislation replaces self-identification with mandatory medical certification through government-appointed boards and requires surgical proof of gender change, a sharp departure from the existing 2019 law. Activists argue these amendments violate the Supreme Court's landmark 2014 NALSA ruling that guaranteed transgender people's right to self-identify their gender without medical intervention. The bill also introduces vague criminal provisions that, while ostensibly protective, could be misused to police transgender communities and their traditional support networks. Transgender advocates are mobilizing to have the bill withdrawn, though legal challenges may take years given existing petitions have languished since 2019.

Iran's civilian population currently faces dual threats from external military strikes by the US and Israel alongside internal repression by the state. Following December protests, security forces have intensified surveillance through armed checkpoints where they inspect phones and question citizens, while the judiciary threatens punishment for anyone perceived as supporting foreign powers. The government provides minimal civilian protection during bombings—no shelters or warning systems—forcing residents to make desperate survival calculations like gathering on rooftops during attacks. This environment creates profound psychological pressure where silence often reflects fear rather than consent, as dissent can result in imprisonment or execution, while international observers frequently misinterpret this quietness as public support for the regime.

Vietnamese anti-corruption activist and former political prisoner Dang Thi Hue, known as Hue Nhu, addressed the Geneva Summit on Human Rights and Democracy in February 2025 to discuss freedoms and human rights violations in Vietnam. The former teacher was imprisoned from 2019 to 2023 for participating in protests against corrupt toll road projects, and after facing continued harassment following her release, she was abducted in May 2024 before escaping to Thailand and eventually settling in Germany as a political refugee. During her summit speech, she described systematic violations of her rights, including being denied the ability to speak at her own trial, having supporters blocked from attending court, and experiencing ongoing surveillance and intimidation that extended to her fellow activists. Her participation at this prominent international forum brought important visibility to Vietnam's human rights abuses and demonstrated her unwavering commitment to advocacy despite the personal costs of exile.

Asma, an Afghan girl who was in eleventh grade when the Taliban took control in August 2021, describes how the regime has systematically stripped Afghan women and girls of their educational and basic human rights. After being barred from continuing her formal education, she fought against despair by attending a secret English language center in Herat, where she eventually became a teacher herself while pursuing independent studies in literature, psychology, and history. With strong family support encouraging her to prioritize education and independence, she gained acceptance to the University of the People, an online American university, where she will begin studying Business Administration in April 2025. Her personal journey of resilience demonstrates both the devastating impact of Taliban restrictions on millions of Afghan girls and the transformative power of family support and alternative educational pathways. # Key Takeaways

François Kaserake Kamate, a climate and human rights activist from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, has dedicated 13 years to non-violent advocacy in a region devastated by conflict over mineral resources essential to global technology supply chains. Despite the DRC's immense natural wealth, its population remains impoverished due to a destructive cycle of violence, corruption, and exploitation that benefits multinational corporations and external actors while leaving local communities suffering. Kamate faces constant threats, arrests, and public misunderstanding as he works to rebuild solidarity and hope among traumatized populations, particularly women who have lost families to the violence. He criticizes both the performative responses of international organizations that ignore local voices and the broader system of "white saviorism" that fails to address root causes, calling instead for genuine international solidarity and urgent action to prevent Congo's complete erasure.

On March 8, 2025, Pakistani authorities violently dispersed the Islamabad chapter of the Aurat March, an annual feminist demonstration held on International Women's Day, arresting over 60 people including prominent activists, journalists, and even family members who came to check on detainees. Police justified the crackdown by citing Section 144, a colonial-era law banning public assemblies that had been imposed following protests over reports about Iran's Supreme Leader, though organizers disputed receiving advance notice of the restrictions. Detainees were held for nearly ten hours in overcrowded cells with inadequate facilities and were pressured to sign affidavits pledging not to participate in similar events before being released. The incident, which marks the most severe crackdown in the march's eight-year history, has sparked parliamentary debate and raised concerns about the future of the feminist movement in Pakistan, with some chapters postponing or canceling their planned demonstrations.

The Trump administration's 90% USAID funding cut and shift away from gender issues has severely impacted LBQT+ (lesbian, bisexual, queer, trans) organizations in South Asia and beyond, forcing many to close or dramatically reduce services. The funding crisis has hit particularly hard because these groups already face invisibility within broader LGBTQ+ movements that historically prioritize gay men and trans women, while operating in contexts where women's sexuality is culturally erased and homosexuality remains criminalized in countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Organizations are now exploring alternative funding sources including local philanthropy, resource-sharing arrangements, and non-rights-based fundraising activities to survive. Despite legal progress in some countries like Nepal and India, LBQT+ individuals continue facing discrimination compounded by intersecting factors of class, caste, and deeply entrenched misogyny, with the US policy changes emboldening anti-queer actors and creating a more hostile environment across the region.

Grassroots feminist activists across Nigeria, Pakistan, and Paraguay are transforming gender justice from charity-based approaches into systemic, rights-based reforms that address fundamental barriers to women's participation in society. In Nigeria, Udoka Anita Ikebua's advocacy led to Bauchi State passing the country's first legislation establishing free sanitary pad banks in schools and prisons, moving beyond temporary distribution to permanent infrastructure that keeps girls in classrooms. Meanwhile, Pakistan's Marium Amjad Khan works through a coalition of over 115 civil society organizations to strengthen social protection systems and implementation of existing laws, recognizing that economic security is essential for democratic participation. In Paraguay, TEDIC's digital rights campaign challenges the dismissal of online violence as less serious than physical harm, providing security training and advocating for accountability from platforms and institutions that enable coordinated harassment against women activists.